Inqubomgomo Yobumfihlo

1. Ulwazi esiluqoqayo

Siqoqa le mikhakha elandelayo yedatha:

• Ulwazi lwe-akhawunti: igama, ikheli le-imeyili, i-hash yephasiwedi, indima (umfundi, umqashi, umlawuli), isithombe sephrofayela uma usilayisha.
• Ulwazi lombuzo nolwemfundo: ulwazi olufakayo ngamafomu ethu ombuzo nokwamukela, njengegama lakho, ikheli le-imeyili, inombolo yocingo, izwe ophuma kulo, amazwe oqondise kuwo, izinga lediploma oyifunayo, izifundo onentshisekelo kuzo, amaphuzu ezivivinyo (TOEFL/IELTS/GRE/GMAT, njll.), i-GPA, isikhungo ofunde kuso ngaphambili, isabelomali, kanye nethemu yokungena. Ungafaka umbuzo ngaphandle kokwakha i-akhawunti.
• Imibhalo oyilayishayo: amarekhodi okufunda, izitatimende zenhloso, izincwadi zokuncoma, amakhophi ephasipoti, imibhalo yevisa, neminye imibhalo yesicelo.
• Izingxoxo: imilayezo oyithumela kubeluleki, amathikithi okusekela, ukufakwa kokubuyekeza.
• Ulwazi lokudlulisela: uma ujoyina uhlelo lwethu lokudlulisela noma lwabaqashi, noma ubhalisa usebenzisa ikhodi noma isixhumanisi sokudlulisela somunye umuntu, sibhala ikhodi yokudlulisela kanye noxhumano oluvelayo phakathi kwama-akhawunti ukuze siphathe uhlelo.
• Ulwazi lwenkokhelo: asiwagcini amanombolo amakhadi; izinkokhelo zicutshungulwa yi-Stripe, ethola imininingwane yekhadi ngqo kusiphequluli sakho. Sigcina isihlonzi senkokhelo se-Stripe, inani elikhokhisiwe, kanye nesimo sokuthenga.
• Ulwazi lokusebenzisa nensiza: ikheli le-IP, uhlu lwe-user-agent, indlela yesicelo, kanye nesitembu sesikhathi okurekhodwe kumalogi we-server nakumhlinzeki wethu we-edge (Cloudflare). Kusetshenziselwa ukuphepha, ukuvimbela ukuhlukunyezwa, nokulungisa amaphutha kuphela. Asiqhubi izixhumi zokuhlaziya noma zezikhangiso kuhlangothi lwekhasimende.
• Amarekhodi emvume: lapho ufaka umbuzo, ubhalisa, noma uvuma ukuthola i-imeyili yokumaketha, sigcina irekhodi lemvume oyinikezile (yibhokisi liphi, kukuliphi ikhasi, uhlobo lwenqubomgomo, i-IP yakho, kanye ne-user-agent ngaleso sikhathi) ukuze sikwazi ukukhombisa imvume uma kuphikiswana nayo kamuva.
• Abahlinzeki bokuqinisekisa: uma ungena ngo-Google, sithola igama lakho, i-imeyili, nesithombe sephrofayela kusuka ku-Google ngokwemvume yakho.

2. Kungani sicubungula le datha (izisekelo zomthetho)

Kubasebenzisi base-EU, UK, ne-EEA, sithembele ezisekelweni zomthetho ezilandelayo ngaphansi kwe-GDPR:

• Isivumelwano (Isig. 6(1)(b)): ukwakha nokuphatha i-akhawunti yakho, ukuphendula imibuzo yakho, ukuveza uhlu lwamanyuvesi nemifundaze ehambelanayo, ukucubungula izinkokhelo, ukuletha izinsizakalo ozithengile, ukunikeza usekelo lomeluleki, nokuphatha uhlelo lokudlulisela.
• Inzuzo esemthethweni (Isig. 6(1)(f)): ukusebenzisa nokuvikela Insizakalo, ukuvimbela inkohliso nokuhlukunyezwa, ukuhlaziya ukusetshenziswa okuhlanganisiwe ukuze sithuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, nokuphendula imibuzo yakho.
• Isibopho somthetho (Isig. 6(1)(c)): ukuthobela izidingo zentela, zama-akhawunti, nezomthethonqubo.
• Imvume (Isig. 6(1)(a)): yezingxoxo zokumaketha ezikhethwayo.

3. Indlela esabelana ngayo ngedatha yakho

Asiyithengisi idatha yakho yomuntu siqu. Asabelani ngedatha yakho yomuntu siqu namanyuvesi noma abahlinzeki bemifundaze; uhlu olukuyi-Insizakalo luqoqwe kuyimithombo yomphakathi, futhi asibona abamele ukuqasha kunoma yisiphi isikhungo. Sabelana ngedatha na:

• Abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo abasisiza ukusebenzisa Insizakalo:
  • Stripe, Inc. (ukucubungula izinkokhelo, USA), inqubomgomo yobumfihlo.
  • Hetzner Online GmbH (ukugcina ama-server, eJalimane), inqubomgomo yobumfihlo.
  • Cloudflare, Inc. (DNS, CDN, TLS, ukuphepha kwe-edge, kanye nokugcinwa kwezinto kwe-R2 kwemibhalo elayishiwe njengamakhophi ephasipoti nevisa, USA), inqubomgomo yobumfihlo.
  • Neon, Inc. (isizinda sedatha esiphethwe i-Postgres, isifunda: AWS Frankfurt, eJalimane), inqubomgomo yobumfihlo.
  • Resend, Inc. (i-imeyili yokwenza, USA), inqubomgomo yobumfihlo.
  • Google LLC (ukungena nge-OAuth, USA), inqubomgomo yobumfihlo.
  Laba bahlinzeki bavinjelwe ngokwesivumelwano ukuthi basebenzise idatha yakho kuphela njengoba kudingeka ukuze basinikeze izinsizakalo.
• Iziphathimandla zomthetho: lapho kudingwa umthetho, isamansi, noma ukuvikela amalungelo nokuphepha kwethu.
• Ukudluliselwa kwebhizinisi: mayelana nokuhlanganiswa, ukutholwa, noma ukuthengiswa kwempahla (ngokwaziswa kuwe).

4. Ukudluliselwa kwedatha kwamazwe ngamazwe

Ama-server ethu nesizinda sedatha esiyinhloko kusezweni laseJalimane (EU). Abanye babahlinzeki bethu bezinsizakalo (Stripe, Resend, Cloudflare, Google) bazinze e-United States. Lapho idatha idluliselwa ngaphandle kwe-EU/EEA sithembela ku-Standard Contractual Clauses (SCCs) ezigunyazwe yiKhomishana Yase-Europe, nakuqinisekiso lwemihlinzeki ngamunye ngaphansi kwezinhlaka ezisebenzayo (isb., EU–US Data Privacy Framework).

5. Sigcina isikhathi esingakanani idatha yakho

• Idatha ye-akhawunti: kuze kube yilapho i-akhawunti yakho isebenza, futhi kuze kube yizinyanga ezingu-24 ngemva kokususwa ukuze kuvinjelwe inkohliso.
• Imibhalo yesicelo (amarekhodi okufunda, izitatimende, izincomo, amaphuzu ezivivinyo): igcinwa ngenkathi unensizakalo esebenzayo nathi, ngokunye isuswa uma ifika kuwindi lethu lokugcina ngemva kokulayisha. Imibhalo yobunikazi nezezimali ebucayi (amakhophi ephasipoti, amarekhodi ezezimali) igcinwa isikhathi esifushane kunaleminye imibhalo. Ungase ususe noma yimuphi umbhalo ngokwakho kudeshibhodi yakho noma nini. Bheka okuthi “Indlela esisusa ngayo imibhalo” ngezansi.
• Amarekhodi enkokhelo: iminyaka engu-7 ngokuthobela intela nama-akhawunti.
• Izingxoxo zosekelo: kuze kube yiminyaka emi-3 ngemva kokuxazululwa.
• Amalogi we-server: kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-90.

Indlela esisusa ngayo imibhalo

Sisebenzisa inqubo yokugcinwa kwedatha kwimibhalo elayishiwe ukuze singayigcini isikhathi eside kunesidingekayo. Umbhalo ufanelekela ukususwa uma usungasenanensizakalo esebenzayo nathi futhi umdala kunewindi lokugcina lohlobo lwawo, noma uma ufika eminyakeni ephezulu ngokuphelele kungakhathaliseki umsebenzi. Imibhalo eboshelwe ensizakalweni esebenzayo ayisuswa neze yile nqubo. Ngaphambi kokuba kususwe noma yimuphi umbhalo siyakuthumelela i-imeyili futhi sikhombise isaziso kudeshibhodi yakho, futhi ungamaka umbhalo ukuwugcina uma usawudinga. Imibhalo efanelekayo iqala ifihlwe igcinwe isikhathi sesinono lapho ingabuyiselwa khona, bese isuswa ngokuphelele kusitoreji sethu. Amawindi okugcina anembile alungiselelwa ithimba lethu futhi angase ashintshe; ungahlala ucela ukususwa kwedatha yakho ngaphambili ngewebhu yamalungelo echazwe kuthi “Amalungelo akho” ngezansi.

6. Amalungelo akho

Kuya ngokuthi uhlala kuphi, ungase ube namalungelo alandelayo phezu kwedatha yakho yomuntu siqu:

• Ukufinyelela: cela ikhophi yedatha esinayo ngawe.
• Ukulungisa: sicele silungise idatha enganembile.
• Ukususa: cela ukususwa kwe-akhawunti yakho nedatha ehambisanayo (ngokuya ngeziboshwa zomthetho zokugcina).
• Ukuthuthwa: thola ikhophi yedatha yakho efundeka emshinini.
• Ukuphikisa nokunqunyelwa: phikisa ukucutshungulwa noma sicele sikunqumele.
• Hoxisa imvume: kunoma yikuphi ukucubungula okusekelwe emvumeni.
• Isikhalazo: faka isikhalazo kuziphathimandla zakho zendawo zokuvikela idatha.

Amaningi ala malungelo angasetshenziswa nguwe kusuka ekhasini le-Ubumfihlo Nedatha ngaphakathi kwe-akhawunti yakho: ungalanda ikhophi yedatha yakho efundeka emshinini (ukuthuthwa), uhlele iphrofayela yakho (ukulungisa), uphathe imvume yokumaketha, futhi ucele ukususwa kwe-akhawunti. Kunoma yini ongakwazi ukuyiqedela lapho, sithumelele i-imeyili ku-[email protected]. Siphendula phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-30.

Izakhamuzi zase-EU/UK (GDPR/UK GDPR): uma ukholelwa ukuthi asiyiphathanga kahle idatha yakho, unelungelo lokufaka isikhalazo kuziphathimandla zakho zikazwelonke zokuvikela idatha. Ungathola iziphathimandla zakho nge-European Data Protection Board.

Izakhamuzi zase-California (CCPA/CPRA): ngaphezu kwamalungelo angenhla, unelungelo lokwazi ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi lomuntu siqu esiluqoqayo, ukucela ukususwa noma ukulungiswa kwalo, ukuphuma ekuthengisweni noma ekwabelaneni ngolwazi lomuntu siqu, nokunqumela ukusetshenziswa kolwazi lomuntu siqu olubucayi. Asiludayisi noma sabelane ngolwazi lomuntu siqu ngomqondo lawo magama asetshenziswa ngawo ku-CCPA/CPRA (asilushintshanisi ngemali noma esinye isamba esinenani, futhi asabelani ngalo ngokukhangisa ngokuziphatha okuhambisana nendawo). Ungaphinde ukhethe i-arhente egunyaziwe ukuze yenze isicelo egameni lakho; sizoqinisekisa igunya le-arhente ngaphambi kokwenza. Asibandlululi abasebenzisi abasebenzisa amalungelo abo obumfihlo.

iBrazil (LGPD): izinhloko zedatha eBrazil zinamalungelo alinganayo okufinyelela, ukulungisa, ukwenza okungaziwa, ukuthuthwa, ukususwa, ulwazi mayelana nokwabelana, nokuhoxiswa kwemvume. Ukuxhumana kwethu okungenhla kuphinde kube indlela yezicelo ze-LGPD.

iCanada (PIPEDA): abasebenzisi baseCanada bangacela ukufinyelela nokulungiswa kolwazi lwabo lomuntu siqu, futhi bangahoxisa imvume (ngokuya ngeziboshwa zomthetho noma zesivumelwano) ngokuxhumana nathi ku-imeyili engenhla.

iNingizimu Korea (PIPA): abasebenzisi baseRiphabhulikhi yaseKorea banamalungelo okwaziswa ngokucutshungulwa kolwazi lwabo lomuntu siqu, nokufinyelela, ukulungisa, ukususa, nokumisa ukucutshungulwa kwalo, nokuhoxisa noma iyiphi imvume enikeziwe ngaphambili. Siqoqa ulwazi lomuntu siqu kuphela ngemvume yakho noma ngesinye isisekelo somthetho, silusebenzise ngokuphelele ngezinhloso ezichazwe kule nqubomgomo, futhi asiludluliseli kwabanye ngaphandle kwalokho okushiwo lapha. Ukuze usebenzise la malungelo, noma ukuze uveze noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ngokuthi ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu luphathwa kanjani, xhumana nathi ku-[email protected]. Ungaphinde ubike ukukhathazeka ku-Personal Information Protection Commission (PIPC) noma ku-Korea Internet & Security Agency (KISA).

7. Ezokuphepha

Sisebenzisa izinyathelo ezisezingeni lemboni ukuvikela idatha yakho ngenkathi ihamba (TLS 1.3) nalapho ipholile (AES-256 kusizinda sethu sedatha nasekugcinweni kwamafayela). Amaphasiwedi enziwa i-hash nge-bcrypt. Ukufinyelela kunqunyelwe abasebenzi abagunyaziwe ngesisekelo sokwazi-kuphela. Naphezu kwalezi zinyathelo, alikho isistimu evikelekile ngokuphelele; uma sithola ukuphulwa kokuvikeleka okuthinta kakhulu idatha yakho, sizokwazisa wena, futhi lapho kudingeka, iziphathimandla ezifanele ngaphandle kokulibala okungafanele.

8. Amakhukhi nokuhlaziya

Asisebenzisi ukuhlaziya kwabanye, izikhangiso, noma ukulandelela phakathi kwamasayithi. Sirekhoda imethadatha eyisisekelo yesicelo sohlangothi lwe-server (ikheli le-IP, i-user-agent, indlela yesicelo, nesitembu sesikhathi) ngokuphepha, ukuvimbela ukuhlukunyezwa, nokulungisa amaphutha. La malogi agcinwa kuze kube yizinsuku ezingu-90.

Sisebenzisa inombolo encane yamakhukhi ohlangothi lwethu nokufakwa okukodwa kwe-localStorage, konke okudingeka ngokuqinile noma okusekelwe entandweni (akudingeki mvume ngaphansi kwemithetho ye-EU ePrivacy):

• Iseshini yokuqinisekisa (ikhukhi esethwe yi-NextAuth, ye-HTTP-only, iphelelwa lapho uphuma noma ngemva kwesikhathi seseshini): ikugcina ungenile ngamakhasi.
• gp_ref (TTL yezinsuku ezingu-90): irekhoda ikhodi yokudlulisela kusuka kuyi-URL ye-?ref=CODE ukuze sikwazi ukuhambisa ukubhalisa kwakho nomqashi noma umsebenzisi othintayo ofanele.
• gp-theme (egcinwe ku-localStorage yesiphequluli, hhayi njengekhukhi ye-HTTP): ikhumbula intando yakho ekhanyayo/emnyama/yokufanisa okuphezulu.

Ungazisula lezi noma nini kusuka ezilawulini zedatha-yesayithi yesiphequluli sakho. Ukususa ikhukhi yokuqinisekisa kukukhipha; ukususa ezinye kubuyisela kokuzenzakalelayo futhi kukhiphe ukuhanjiswa kokudlulisela.

9. Izingane

I-GlobalPath ayiqondiswanga ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16. Asiqoqi ngamabomu ulwazi lomuntu siqu kunoma ubani ongaphansi kweminyaka engu-16. Uma sifunda ukuthi siqoqe ulwazi olunjalo, siyalususa. Uma ukholelwa ukuthi ingane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 isinikeze idatha yomuntu siqu, sicela uxhumane nathi ku-[email protected].

10. Izinguquko kule nqubomgomo

Singayivuselela le nqubomgomo ngezikhathi ezithile. Izinguquko ezibalulekile zizomenyezelwa nge-imeyili nakuleli khasi, nosuku olubuyekeziwe lokuqala kusebenza ngenhla. Ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa Insizakalo ngemva kokuba izinguquko ziqalile ukusebenza kuyikuvuma inqubomgomo ebuyekeziwe.

11. Xhumana nathi

Ngemibuzo ethile yobumfihlo noma ukusebenzisa amalungelo akho edatha, xhumana nethimba lethu lobumfihlo ku-[email protected]. Ngayo yonke eminye imibuzo ngokuya nge-Insizakalo, xhumana nathi ku-[email protected].